Test Bank For Natural Disasters 11th Edition Patrick Leon Abbott
Natural Disasters, 11e (Abbott)
Chapter 2 Internal Energy and Plate Tectonics
1) Earth is about ________ years old.
A) 30,000 thousand
B) 50 million
C) 3,500 million
D) 13.5 billion
E) 4.5 billion
Answer: E
Section: Internal Sources of Energy
Topic: Internal Sources of Energy
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Chapter: 02
2) The heat that transformed Earth early in its history came primarily from all but which of the following?
A) impact energy
B) gravitational energy
C) dark energy
D) the decay of radioactive elements
Answer: C
Section: Internal Sources of Energy
Topic: Internal Sources of Energy
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Chapter: 02
3) The early differentiation of Earth into a mantle and a core was created by ________.
A) gravitational accretion of iron-rich particles in the core, followed by silicate-rich particles in the mantle
B) nuclear fission in the center of Earth, which converted hydrogen and helium to iron
C) the buildup of heat and the melting of iron, which was pulled by gravity to the center of Earth
D) the magnetic attraction between cations and anions of iron and nickel
Answer: C
Section: Earth History
Topic: Earth History
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Chapter: 02
4) Earth’s inner core is a 2,450-km diameter ________ mass with temperatures up to 4,300°C (7,770°F).
A) gaseous
B) liquid
C) solid
D) plasma-like
Answer: C
Section: Internal Sources of Energy
Topic: Internal Sources of Energy
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Chapter: 02
5) As radioactive atoms decay, heat energy is ________.
A) absorbed
B) released
C) neither absorbed nor released
D) may be absorbed or released, depending on which isotope is involved
Answer: B
Section: Internal Sources of Energy
Topic: Internal Sources of Energy
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Chapter: 02
6) All of the continents were once combined into a single supercontinent called ________.
A) Laurasia
B) Gondwanaland
C) Tethys
D) Panthalassa
E) Pangaea
Answer: E
Section: Plate Tectonics
Topic: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Chapter: 02
7) Which of the following is not a basic tenet of plate tectonics?
A) Melted asthenosphere flows upward as magma and cools to form new ocean floor lithosphere.
B) The new lithosphere slowly moves laterally away from the zones of oceanic crust formation on top of the underlying asthenosphere (seafloor spreading).
C) When the leading edge of a moving slab of oceanic lithosphere collides with another slab, the older, colder, denser slab turns downward and is pulled by gravity back into the asthenosphere (subduction), while the less-dense, more buoyant slab overrides it.
D) The slab pulled into the asthenosphere begins the process of melting and moves into the liquid core.
E) The slab pulled into the asthenosphere begins the process of reabsorption into the mantle.
Answer: D
Section: Plate Tectonics
Topic: Plate Tectonics
Bloom’s: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Chapter: 02
8) The time needed for a typical atom in an oceanic plate to complete a plate-tectonic cycle is ________ years.
A) about a hundred thousand
B) about a million
C) about 10 million
D) in excess of 250 million
E) less than 500
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